Your dissertation results chapter reports what your analysis found, presented clearly and without interpretation. It states the descriptive statistics, then the outcome of each inferential test tied back to a research question or hypothesis. The guiding rule is separation: the results chapter shows the findings, while the discussion chapter explains what they mean.

How to structure the chapter around your questions

The cleanest results chapters are organised by research question, not by software output. Open with a short paragraph that reminds the reader of your questions and signposts the order you will answer them. Present your sample characteristics and descriptive statistics first, then take each question in turn, reporting the relevant inferential test and its result before moving on. This question-by-question structure keeps a long chapter readable and shows your supervisor that every analysis you ran maps to a stated aim. The line between summarising your sample and generalising beyond it is the backbone of that order.

t(48) = 2.34, p = .02, d = 0.68Test statisticDegrees of freedomTest valueExact p-value (no leading zero)Effect size
Every inferential result in your chapter should be reported with its parts intact: the test statistic, degrees of freedom, exact p-value, and an effect size.

Presenting tables, figures, and the numbers

Tables and figures carry the detail so your prose can stay readable. Put full descriptive tables and large output where they belong, then use the text to highlight the one or two numbers that answer each question rather than repeating every cell. Each table and figure needs a number, a clear title, and a callout in the text so the reader knows when to look. Report each result with its test statistic, degrees of freedom, exact p-value, and an effect size, following APA reporting conventions so nothing is left ambiguous.

SectionWhat it containsWhat to leave out
OpeningResearch questions and chapter mapNew literature
DescriptivesSample profile, means, frequenciesInterpretation of findings
Inferential resultsEach test, by research questionReasons the result occurred
SummaryBrief recap of key findingsRecommendations

Common mistakes that cost marks

Two errors recur in draft results chapters. The first is interpreting findings too early, drifting into the discussion and explaining why a result appeared instead of simply reporting it. The second is presenting raw software output unedited, pasting full SPSS tables that bury the relevant figures; cleaning that output is part of the skill in making sense of your SPSS tables. A third quieter problem is using a test that does not fit the data, so confirm your choice against the decision logic for selecting a test before you write up anything.

Closing the chapter and handing off to the discussion

End with a brief summary that restates the key findings in plain language, with no fresh analysis and no interpretation. Note which hypotheses were supported and which were not, then signal that the meaning of these results is taken up in the next chapter. A tight close like this gives your committee a clean record of what you found and sets up the discussion to do the explaining, keeping the two chapters properly distinct.